Graduation Speech: We Are Not Alone :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Great morning to every one of you. I am happy to be here with you, sharing this significant and celebratory time. We have all practiced a lot and it's occasionally difficult to trust it is reaching a conclusion. There are such a large number of stories that we all need to tell about our time at County High. I might want to share a portion of my experience from the most recent couple of years. That first morning, I strolled to County High in the cool September air. I gazed toward the moon, a pale bit, lemon-edged and sharp. I attempted to purge myself of my anxiety, preparing to be in a room brimming with outsiders. I recall that County High was freezing that morning. I was totally threatened. Why had I come to class? All things considered, it appeared to be a smart thought at that point. I had no particular objective. I dubiously needed to complete my degree, yet I was rarely certain in the event that I had what it took to be in school. I check out now, at all of us together, and I think, how could we arrive? What was the surface, the character, of the mediating years? Some of it will be a progression of pictures: I see the long foyers with the lights reflecting off the floors. I see the new structures ascending, steel and stone, with the laborers fastened on the housetops. I see the wetland, mud and green and infant trees. Be that as it may, what I see the most are the appearances. In the study halls, the educators seeing us, connecting with us. The grins of individuals in the passages. I see the essences of the individuals who have taken a gander at me and seen me. I recollect, two years prior, feeling imperceptible. This approved of me. It gave a solace, perhaps of not being mindful. I was responsible just to myself both in the homeroom and out. Giving up that intangibility has been a pivotal piece of my instruction at Neda. I understood that I was unable to do only it. I understood that I would not like to do only it. I was helped through, got through now and again, by individuals who thought about me and who were happy to give of themselves. This stretches out to the various employees I've experienced all through my time here and to you, who have strolled adjacent to me. Having responsibility to those I am in network with has had the effect for me.

Ecstasy: A Drug That Can Kill :: Illegal Drugs Essays

Rapture: A Drug That Can Kill missing works refered to Three years back, Mark*, presently a school junior, went to a Dave Mathews show in Boston with a couple of companions. He was 18 at that point, and about a half-hour before the show began, they all chose to take a pill of the medication Ecstasy. This was Mark’s first time taking the medication, so he didn’t completely recognize what's in store. They picked what is known as the â€Å"speedy† type, regularly utilized at raves and gatherings instead of the â€Å"dopey† type, which is known to give all the more a moderate, loosening up feeling. â€Å"Seriously, you get this warm fluffy fondling that runs your back, and an inclination that everything in life is correct. Your jaw starts to grasp and you love biting on stuff†¦gum, straws, candy,† he said. The sentiments that Mark experienced are run of the mill impacts of the medication. His most extreme emotions kept going around three hours, and the general sentiment of the medication stayed for around six to seven hours. However the sentiments of happiness suddenly finished when he stirred the following day. â€Å"The following day was the most unpleasant day of my life,† he said. â€Å"All the bliss that was activated in your cerebrum is depleted and you’re left with nothing.† More than 8,000,000 individuals matured 12 and more seasoned detailed utilizing the â€Å"club† sedate happiness at any rate once in the course of their life, as indicated by the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), a data source on the outcomes, examples, and pervasiveness of liquor, tobacco, and unlawful medication use and maltreatment in the general U.S. populace, age 12 and more seasoned. Methylenedioxymethamephetamine (MDMA), usually known as joy, is a manufactured psychoactive medication utilized for its thrilled and psychedelic causes. Officially used to help psychotherapy during the 1970s, it is currently restricted in the United States. Albeit illicit, it is quickly ascending in fame in the United States, especially among adolescents and youthful grown-ups. Taken orally in a tablet or container, grunted, or infused, it by and large takes 30 to 40 minutes to produce results and keeps going around three to six hours, albeit some symptoms can happen a long time in the wake of taking the medication. Ecstasy’s mental reactions incorporate disarray, wretchedness, rest issues, tension, and suspicion. Like Prozac, it causes a rise in serotonin, a synthetic in the mind which triggers glad sentiments in individuals. Some physical symptoms are muscle strain, teeth holding, queasiness, obscured vision, chills, or perspiring.

Topics to Write an Essay On

Topics to Write an Essay OnTopics to write an essay on are a good starting point for any student to begin their studies. They can be selected by the student and ideas can be included depending on what the student wants to write about. Here are a few different ideas to consider:The student can start their degree subject by writing about a topic that pertains to their particular area of study. This can be very helpful to the student in planning their coursework and research. Topics to write an essay on could be about history, geography, literature, philosophy, etc. There are many ideas available that the student can use to help them learn about their field of study.If a student has a specific topic they would like to write about, they should make a plan to write about it before they start. This will allow them to narrow down their topic and take advantage of specific writing skills that will aid them in the writing process. An outline can be prepared before the student begins writing t o ensure that the information is organized and has a clear beginning, middle and end. Topics to write an essay on can be narrowed down to specific topics if necessary.Topics to write an essay on can also be divided into parts that can be broken down into paragraphs. The writing process of paragraphs allows the student to read the material one at a time. This can be helpful to the student in breaking down each paragraph into individual sentences so that the writer can focus on what they are trying to say.Another idea for writing an essay topic is to write about a particular fact that pertains to the student's area of study. For example, in an English composition class, the student may want to write about a famous poet or author who was important to their area of study. They could write about a literary play, a famous film, a famous author, etc.It is always easier to write about a specific topic that the student is interested in. Writing about the person that the student loves to read about or enjoys reading can be difficult. However, when writing about a particular topic that a student enjoys, they will have less difficulty doing so.Essay topics can also be written about aspects of the course that are interesting to the student. There are many examples of topics that can be written about from the world history class to the art and literature class. The student will find that they are able to write about topics that interest them if they select a topic that they enjoy.The topics to write an essay on are a great way to help students learn about their specific area of study. They can be used to make a plan about how to structure their essays and to familiarize themselves with different writing techniques. The student will also be able to find out how to structure a successful essay if they use some of the ideas mentioned above.

SOUTHEASTERN COMMUNITY COLLEGE V. DAVIS Case analysis/ critique - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1105 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Case study Did you like this example? SOUTHEASTERN COMMUNITY COLLEGE V. DAVIS, 1979 CASE CRITIQUE 1 Southeastern Community College v. Davis, 1979 Case Critique Name Institution Southeastern Community College v. Davis, 1979 Case Critique Title: Southeastern Community College v. Davis (1979) Southeastern Community College is the petitioners and Davis is the respondent. Facts In 1979, Davis, who suffers from a serious hearing disability, made an application to trained as a registered nurse at the Southeastern Community College. Southeastern Community College is a state institution that receives Federal funds from the government. Davis was enrolled in the College Parallel program of Southern Community College between 1973 and 1974, with hopes that she would progress to Southeastern Associate Degree Program to train as a registered nurse. During the interview, it was evident that Davis experienced difficulties in understanding the presented questions. On inquiry, she admitted that she had suffered hearing problems and that she depended on hearing aid. An audiologist from Duke University Medical Center was requested to examine Davisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ problem. Results indicated that Davis was suffering from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“bilateral, sensori-neural hearing loss (Supreme Court of the United States, 1979).à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The doctor recommended a change in her hearing aid. The hearing aid could not however allow her to communicate effectively and she had to rely so much on lip-reading skills for effective communication. Southeastern Community College denied Davis a chance to train as a registered nurse explaining that her hearing problems would not allow her to contribute fully to the requirements of the training program and that she could not take good care of patients as the dictated by nursing profession. Davis therefore decided to file a case against Southeastern Community College in Federal District Court. Davis claimed that Southeastern Community College had violated section 504 of 1973 Rehabilitation Act by denying her a place at the College. Davis however lost the case and she was never given an opportunity to study as a trained nurse at Southeastern Community College (Hall and Marsh, 2003). Issue (s) The major issue facing the Court was whether or not Southeastern Community College had discriminated against an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“otherwise handicapped individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  by denying Davis a chance to study as a trained nurse in the College. More particularly, was the Southeastern Community College supposed to consider Davisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ academic qualifications and ignore her disability? Was the College supposed to accept Davis then make a change in its academic programme in order to accommodate her? Did Southeastern Community College reject her application by viewing her status as a sign of complete inability? Could Davis meet the requirements of nursing programme in spite of her communication problems? Southeaster n Community College argued that Davisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ status could not allow her to effectively learn all the requirements of a trained nurse even if the program was changed to cater for her bilateral, sensory-neural hearing incapacity. On the other hand, Davis felt that the Southeastern Community College had violated the legal provisions governing students with disability, and proposed that she was supposed to be allowed a chance at the college in spite of her physical status because met the programmeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s academic requirements (Supreme Court of the United States, 1979). Decision (s)/Holding (s) The Court upheld that Southern Community College was not compelled by law to make a change it its academic program by providing aids on oral communication to allow Davis who suffers from a bilateral sensori-neural hearing loss to be included in the nursing program. According to the Court, Southeastern Community College decided to deny her a chance to study as a trained nurse because, based on her status, it was unlikely that Davis could benefit from any changes in the program. The Court maintained that academic institutions have all the freed to require physical qualifications for admission into clinical training programs (Hall and Marsh, 2003). Legal Doctrine (s) The court makes its decision based upon the legal statement of section 504 of Rehabilitation Act of 1973 that concerns students with disabilities. In section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, it is declared that , à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ No otherwise qualified individual with a disabilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, shall solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Hall and Marsh, 2003, p. 216)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The term of this section indicates that possession of handicap should not make educational institutions that a student is unable to function in academic context (Mayerson, 2007). However, this does not mean that a student must not meet the institutional physical requirements in order to be considered à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“otherwise qualified.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Such a student should not be seen as one who can meet all the program requirements in spite of his or her handicap (Supreme Court of the United States, 1979). By refusing to change academic program to meet the needs of Davis, Southeastern Community College was seen to observe institutional laws but it did not illegally discriminate against Davis who is disabled. In the case, Southeastern Community College testified that the main goal of its program was to train nursing students who met all the physical requirements of the course and who could serve the nursing profession all customary ways. The Court also made its judgement based on the requirement of section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 that dictates that this law should no t compel the Southeastern Community College to begin the action of providing oral communication assistance, such as by giving Davis individual supervision as she directly attends to patients or by redesigning the nursing program that can help her meet the full requirements of a licensed registered nurse. Significance The above described case is highly significant to the study of Technical Education and Law. From the ruling, career and technical administrators can learn how to deal with employees with disabilities. They should not discriminate against any disabled employee who is able to perform essential functions of a profession. In addition, they should only allow disabled students into an academic program so long as the students are able to learn the indispensable requirements of the course and put them into practice without much physical hindrance (Rothstein, 2010). Based upon this case, career and technical administrators can restrict the number of disabled students admit ted into the technical programs provided they act by the law of their institutions (Hall and Marsh, 2003, p. 216). References Hall, B. Marsh, R. (2003). Legal Issues in Career and Technical Education. Illinois: American Technical Publishers, Inc. Mayerson, A. (2007). Disability Rights Law: Roots, Present Challenges, Future Collaboration. Journal of Poverty Law and Policy, 41 (6): 265-270. Rothstein, L. (2010). Higher Education and Disability Discrimination: A Fifty Year Retrospective. Journal of College and University Law, 36 (3): 1990-1998. Supreme Court of the United States. (1979). Southeastern Community College v. Davis: United States. Retrieved, April 20 2014, from https://www.animallaw.info/cases/causfd99sct2361.htm Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "SOUTHEASTERN COMMUNITY COLLEGE V. DAVIS Case analysis/ critique" essay for you Create order

Andrew Johnson Essay - 719 Words

Andrew Johnson nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Andrew Johnson was born on December 29, 1808, in Raleigh, North Carolina, the youngest of two sons. His father, Jacob Johnson, was a porter who died in 1811 after saving a man from drowning. His mother, Mary McDonough Johnson supported the family by spinning and weaving cloth in their Raleigh cottage. At the age of 14, Johnson was apprenticed to a tailor. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In 1843 Johnson was elected to the U.S. House of Representitives and one for following elections to retain his seat until 1853. While in the U.S. House, Johnson supported President Polk and his handling of the Texas and Oregon settlements and the Mexican War. Although hailing from a Southern state, Johnson was†¦show more content†¦By the 1860 presidential election, several Southern states had already formed a confederacy. Abraham Lincoln won the November election winning forty percent of the votes cast, and in the following April South Carolina batteries bombarded Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor beginning the Civil War. Andrew Johnson warned that the dissolution of the Union would produce many minor countries ruled by various forms of government. In spite of Johnsons strong support of the Constitution and the Union, Tennessee seceded from the United States. Johnson rejected the Confederacy and was the only Southern senator to remain in the U.S. Senate after secession. Johnsons support of the Union won acclaim in the North and infamy in the South. Eastern Tennessee possessed strong pro-Union factions, but pro-Confederacy forces from the central and western parts of the state secured the state for the South. When war erupted Tennessee was an early battlefield. Union victories in the state placed large parts of the state in federal control, and occupied areas were administered by appointed military governors. In 1862 President Lincoln appointed Andrew Johnson as military governor of Tennessee. Johnson ruled with a firm hand silencing sources of anti-Union sentiment. Johnson held the military governorship of Tennessee until 1864. Preparing for the presidential election, foreseeing an imminent end to the war, and preparing for a re-unificationShow MoreRelatedImpeachment of Andrew Johnson1606 Words   |  7 Pagesold-fashioned southerner named Andrew Johnson. Although an honest and honorable man, Andrew Johnson was one of the most unfortunate Presidents. Over time there has been a controversial debate as to whether Johnson deserved to be impeached, or if it was an unconstitutional attempt by Congress to infringe upon the presidents authority. The impeachment of Andrew Johnson was politically motivated. The spirit of the Jacksonian democracy inspired Andrew Johnson. In 1857, Johnson was then elected to representRead MoreEssay about Andrew Johnson1448 Words   |  6 Pages Background nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Andrew Johnson, the 17th president, was born in Raleigh, North Carolina on December 29th, 1808. At the young age of three years old, Andrew’s father. Jacob Johnson passed away while drowning in an attempt to save the life of Editor Henderson from the Raleigh Gazette in 1812. Andrew’s mother, Mary Johnson, worked hard as a seamstress and washerwoman in order to support Andrew and his three brothers, and her; but she was unable to afford to send them to schoolRead MoreThe Legacy Of Lincoln And Andrew Johnson1017 Words   |  5 Pagesto event. Lincoln and Andrew Johnson were out of sympathy with black suffrage, especially conferred by the federal government. Johnson s interpretations of Lincoln s policies prevailed the Congressional elections of 1866 in the North, which enabled the Radicals to take control of policy, remove former Confederates from power, and enfranchise the freedmen. In 1876 the presidential vote was veer confused and forcing the congress to make the final decision. Andrew Johnson announced plans of theRead MoreThe Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Impeachment, in the United States and Great Britain proceeding by a legislature for the removal of office of a public official charged with misconduct in office. Impeachment compromises both the act of formulating the accusation and the resulting trial of charges; it is frequently but mistakenly taken to mean removal from office of an accused official. An impeachment trial may result in an acquittal or in a verdict of guilty. 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At the young age of three years old, Andrews father. Jacob Johnson passed away while drowning in an attempt to save the life of Editor Henderson from the Raleigh Gazette in 1812. Andrews mother, Mary Johnson, worked hard as a seamstress and washerwoman in order to support Andrew and his three brothers, and her; but she was unable to afford to send them to school. From the age of 14 untilRead MoreAndrew Johnson: The 17th President of the United States Essay examples602 Words   |  3 PagesAndrew Johnson Andrew Johnson was a self-taught Democrat from Raleigh, North Carolina. He spent his entire life in politics. Before becoming the Seventeenth president of the United States of America he was in the Tennessee legislature and a member of the U.S Congress. He was also the Governor of Tennessee and was Vice President behind Abraham Lincoln. He was the first president to be impeached. Andrew Johnson was born on December 2, 1808 in a log cabin in Raleigh North Carolina. 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Describe and Evaluate Psychological Research Into Obedience

Obedience results from pressure to comply with authority. Children are taught to obey from an early age by their care givers, in order for them to conform in society. The authoritarian rule continues through their education and working life, and is then passed on to the next generation. This essay will focus on the work of the American psychologist Stanley Milgram. It will also look at other studies into obedience that evolved from Milgram’s experiments from the early 1960s. Stanley Milgram is one of the leading researchers into the psychology of obedience. Rice et al (2008) and was interested why thousands of German soldiers blindly obeyed orders that resulted in the death of millions of Jewish people during World War II. However if a†¦show more content†¦Therefore, in a series of follow up experiments, Milgram (1974) investigated factors which may vary the level of obedience. Rice et al (2008). Depending on the variations to the original experiments, the results changed considerably - with 92% complete obedience with the two teacher condition. This would be were the participant would be paired with a second confederate also playing the role of teacher. It would be the confederate delivering the shocks while the participant would only read the questions (Class Handout 1). The allocation of responsibility had now shifted to the confederate who was administering the shocks. The other notable change would be the social support condition which showed a significant drop, with only 10% complete obedience. Two more confederates would join the participant as teachers, but soon refused to obey. Most subjects stopped very soon after the others (Class Handout 1). This would imply that disobedience, or obedience, is more likely to happen when there is social pressure present. To test the ecological validity of Milgram’s work Bickman (1974) used 3 male experimenters, dressed in one of three ways: a sports coat and tie, a milkman’s uniform or a security guards uniform. The experimenters randomly gave 153 pedestrians one of three orders. (Class Handout 2). Bickman found that most peopleShow MoreRelatedDescribe And Evaluate Psychological Research Into Obedience1246 Words   |  5 PagesDescribe evaluate psychological research into obedience Obedience is a compliance with an order, request, or law or submission to another’s authority (Oxforddictionaries, n.d). Stanley Milgram was an American social psychologist, known for his experiment on obedience. This was taken place in the 1960’s while he was completing his professorship at Yale University (wikipedia.org, 2015). Milgram’s (1963) study of obedience was a laboratory study to investigate how far people will go in obeyingRead MoreAnalysis Of Stanley Milgram s Perils Of Disobedience 1372 Words   |  6 PagesIn Stanley Milgram’s essay, â€Å"Perils of Disobedience†, an experiment was conducted to test an individual’s obedience from authority when conflicting with morally incorrect orders. Following the conclusion of World War Two, Milgram’s essay was published in Harper’s Magazine, which appeals to a national audience and yields an array of content from different contextual backgrounds. As Milgram reports the results of his experiment, he provides descriptive details of many of the subjects and their behaviorsRead MoreHuman Development And Family Relations1556 Words   |  7 Pagesand explain thoughts, emotions and behaviors. Research psychologist studies exciting opportunities in psychology; it looks at various branches in the field of psychological r esearch, for example, in clinical psychology, which includes both scientific research, focusing on the search for general principles, and clinical service, focusing on the study and care of clients, and information gathered from each of these activities influences practice and research., development psychology focuses on behaviorsRead MoreThe Lab Experiment : The Experiment, And The Blue Eyes Vs. Brown Eyes Experiment967 Words   |  4 PagesIn the field of psychology experiments are used to test a psychologists hypotheses or evaluate something. The American Psychological Association has a set of rules, a Code of Conduct that describes the ethics that should be followed during an experiment. Although in the past these rules weren’t as strict as they are today which lead to the doing of some experiments. During these times there were many experiments but three have become quite popular throughout history. These experiments were The MilgramRead MoreOne of the Main Divisions Be tween Mainstream and Critical Social Psychology Is That of the Methods Adopted. Discuss with Reference to the Cognitive Social and at Least One Other Social Psychological Perspective.1698 Words   |  7 Pages Discuss with reference to the cognitive social and at least one other social psychological perspective. Social psychology has existed for about 100 years, before which psychology was a branch of philosophy. Social psychology studies individuals in their social contexts. It is a diverse discipline made up of many theoretical perspectives and variety of different methods are used in social psychological research. This assignment explores the main principles of different methods in socialRead MoreDepression in the Bible1331 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant increase or decrease in appetite and time spent sleeping, feelings of dejection and hopelessness, and sometimes suicidal thoughts or an attempt to commit suicide† (Merriam Webster). A close friend of mine battles depression and would describe it is, â€Å"a debilitating mood that makes it hard to get out of the bed in the morning, a desire to sleep all the time, inability to experience joy, and apathy towards life.† Due to its prevalent occurrence among several people groups throughout historyRead MoreExam review for CJ Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagesto research each question as completely as possible. Try to answer these questions as if you are providing information to an individual who knows nothing about each topic. Explain your answers in detail; remember, the more complete your answer is the better your grade will be. 1. The importance of Lawrence Kohlberg’s work is the link he makes between moral development and reason. Although this concept originated with Kant and other earlier philosophers, Kohlberg provides a psychological analysisRead MoreConformity and Obedience Essay3326 Words   |  14 PagesConformity and Obedience Task: outline and evaluate findings from conformity and obedience research and consider explanations for conformity (and non-conformity), as well as evaluating Milgram’s studies of obedience (including ethical issues). The following essay will be about understanding what is meant by and distinguishing the differences between the terms conformity and obedience. It will show the evaluation of two key psychological studies which seek to explain why people do and do not conformRead MoreTopic Topics On Social Psychology1425 Words   |  6 Pageshow and why we act, think, communicate and behave the way we do. Topics included under the umbrella of social psychology include: the importance of human relationships and interactions; the impact of social influences, such as group pressures and obedience; developmental and situational considerations of prosocial and antisocial behaviors; and the relationship between our attitudes and beliefs and our behaviors (Lilienfeld, Lynn, Namy Woolf, 2014, p. 496-497). Arguably one of the most essentialRead More16th May EMA tutorial1796 Words   |  10 Pages- 9) ‘Psychological processes that cannot be directly observed’ †¢ Think about the studies and concepts in each of the parts and be prepared to discuss your ideas when you are called back. Module Overview: Part 1 Why people do harm to others? †¢ Exposing the authoritarian personality †¢ Just following orders? †¢ Learning from watching Module Overview: Part 2 What determines human behaviour? †¢ Changing behaviour †¢ Determined to love? †¢ Making friends Module Overview: Part 3 Psychological processes

William Penn/ the Quakers free essay sample

The Quakers, also known as the Society of Friends, was considered to be a new and radical religious group that had been founded in England in the offs by George Fox which found its way to Pennsylvania. This religious group protested the Anglican Churchs practices. The members of the Religious Society of Friends came to be known as Quakers during a trial in seventeenth-century in England, they trembled at the word of God (Breathiest 45). This description of the Society of Friends is given by one Quaker leader George Fox George Fox believed that God didnt eve in churches as much as he lived in peoples hearts (Breathiest 33).With that idea in mind, he went out into the world in search of his true religion. The Quakers became disheartened with religious hierarchy, corruption, and excessive formalism in doctrine, elaborate rituals in religious ceremonies, and the domination of the church by the state. Fox argued with priests, slept in fields, and spent days and nights trying to find followers. His first followers were mostly young people and women. The Quaker faith is simple and rests on absolute sincerity. Quakers believe that God can be approached and experienced by the individual directly without any intermediary priest or preacher.They believe that God is experienced through the Inward Light. Nash stated that, The Inward Light is what Quakers call that of God in every man (81 This Inward Light practices the conscience as the guide of life. They believe that this Inward Light exists in all men and women. The Quaker belief also is characterized by what is referred to as the plain language. The plain language means refusing to use you, or the plural form in addressing a person. Quakers went back to biblical Christianity and used thee and thou (Barbour 26). They also referred to names of the months and days of the week as First-day for Sunday or Fourth-day for Wednesday, or the Second-month for February (Barbour 7). The Quakers were the first religious group to allow women to speak in public worship. Quakers granted women spiritual equality with men, allowing them to preach, hold separate prayer meetings, and exercise authority over womens matters ( The American Journey 39). They insisted on the spiritual equality of the sexes and the right Of women to participate in church matters on a separate, but equal toting with men.This freedom of equality would later be seen in our history with the Nineteenth Amendment. The Quakers laid the foundation for women such as Susan B. Anthony who was raised as a Quaker played a virtual role in the Women Rights-Suffrage Movement. She along with other strong advocates participates in the Suffrage Movement. She also actively lobbied for the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment, giving women the right to vote. Penn made his final decision to become a Quaker in 1667 while he was in Ireland. He worked for religious toleration and political liberty in England.There he was persecuted and imprisoned for an idea which was almost unheard of during that period in history. He was imprisoned six times for speaking out courageously. While in prison, he wrote one pamphlet after another, which gave Quakers a literature and attacked the intolerance (Powell). In 1681, Penn obtained a charter from Charles II as Proprietary off new colony in North American (The American Journey 38). Upon arriving in Delaware Bay in late October 1 682, Penn went about beginning a new colony. Penn believe that state and church were two different matters and should be treated as such.William Penn drafted different laws one was the Holy Experiment in which the colonists were required to live as Neighbors and friends with the Indians as well as with one another (The American Journey 39). This gave way to all who lived in Pennsylvania Civil liberties, religious freedom and complete opportunity to live a life of freedom. Breathiest stated that William Penn in 1701 granted the Charter of Privileges which gave the people a stronger voice in government resulting in giving the colonists a great deal of self-governing power (9). It also guaranteed religious toleration o all who resided there. William Penn became the spiritual leader of the Quakers in their New World which made up the vast majority of his colonys population. Quakers were referred to as pacifists because of their strong dislike for violence. They believe in peaceful relations with all mankind they were the first known hippies of their days. Because of this strong belief, Penn signed treaties with the Indians. He purchased settlement rights from them instead of just taking land. He promised strict regulation of the Indian trade and a ban on the sale of alcohol to the Indians.Long after Penn left his colony n 1 701 the people lived in the tradition of fair treatment and genuine regard of each others religious beliefs and wide spread cultures. The Quakers policy of toleration, liberal government, and peaceful existence attracted many immigrants to the colony. Peens ideals, values and sense of fairness have played an important part fatwa America is today. Our society has been trying to accomplish the ideals of William Penn and the Quakers way of life in many different ways over the centuries. We seem to fall short because of our greed and egos.We have interpreted many of our forefathers ideas and reams for America in ways that are similar to the Quakers way of thinking. We continuously search for equality of all people whether they are men, women, children, whether they are black, white, Mexican, Native American, or Iranians. Our society has learned that women can be a productive part of society. Whether they choose to raise children or choose to become an important part of the work force or both. At one time in the past it was an unthinkable thought of a woman being anything but a mother or another set of hands to help around the home.

3 Reasons You Should Get an On-Campus Job

College students can be some of the biggest pocket spenders in the country. From getting their daily caffeine fix to socializing off-campus with friends, getting extra spending money doesnt come easy. One way to do it is to find a part-time job as a student, whether thats on or off-campus. Here are a few reasons were proponents of on-campus work to help pay for your educational expenses.A Stones Throw Away Most students live on campus nowadays, so finding a job that is walking distance from campus can be hard. Commuter students can experience terrible scheduling when it comes to jobs in various industries (like retail, restaurant, and more). Luckily, most schools provide on-campus job opportunities, and will allow you to easily schedule work into your class schedule. Its not uncommon to hear students complain about how they are either late to work or late to class every week because their off campus job doesn’t allow them to create their schedule around their class schedule. You also don’t need to worry about getting into your car, or hopping onto a bus or train to get work. All you have to do is to stroll out of class, and within minutes, youre at work. Making Money Getting a job will also do the obvious - give you the opportunity to earn money. And lets be honest, every college student can use a bit of extra cash. That way, you wont have to worry about constantly asking your parents for gas money, or a few extra bucks to hang out with friends. On top of that, getting an in campus job shows to your parents that you are becoming more dependent. Instead of nagging them to help out, youre earning it on your own. Professional Experience On campus jobs will also help you be more prepared for the professional world. College is supposed to help students get their dream jobs and that is why student jobs are created. With student jobs, students can learn office behavior and office attire. Student jobs are more lenient than non-student jobs, allowing students to make mistakes and recover from them easily. At least when a student makes a mistake at an on-campus job, that student won’t make the same mistake at a professional job.And then, of course, there is the experience. Students can get the experience of multi-tasking, communication and more. With these experiences, students are more likely to get a job right out of college than those who do not have a job at all. So consider taking a on campus job at a newspaper, or the student government office instead of at Applebee’s. Although the pay rate may be less, the experience there will last you a lifetime.Already a college student? Make sure to sign up now to earn money by uploading your college application materials, and automatically be entered to win the scholarship! If you’re applying to college, check out the various profile packages of admitted students, or search by school to find your dream school.

How to Decide Between the IELTS or TOEFL Exams

How to Decide Between the IELTS or TOEFL Exams Congratulations! You are now ready to take an important internationally recognized exam in order to prove your mastery of the English language. The only problem is that there are a number of exams to choose from! Two of the most important exams are the TOEFL and the IELTS. Often it is the students choice as to which one they want to take since both exams are accepted as meeting the entry requirements for academic settings. However, in some cases, the IELTS is requested for visa purposes to Canadian or Australian immigration. If this is not the case, you have even more to choose from and may want to review this guide to choosing an Engish test before you decide on the IELTS or TOEFL. Deciding Which One to Take Here are some points to take into consideration before you decide whether to take the IELTS or the TOEFL exam. These questions are very important because the IELTS exam is maintained by the University of Cambridge, whereas the TOEFL exam is provided by ETS, a US company based in New Jersey. Both tests are also different in how the test is administered. Take note of your answers: Do you need the IELTS or the TOEFL for academic English? If you need the IELTS or TOEFL for academic English, then keep answering these questions. If you dont need the IELTS or TOEFL for academic English, for example for immigration, take the general version of the IELTS. It is much easier than either the IELTS academic version or the TOEFL!Are you more comfortable with North American or British/UK accents? If you have more experience with British English (or Australian English), take the IELTS as vocabulary and accents tend more towards British English. If you watch a lot of Hollywood movies and like US idiomatic language, choose the TOEFL as it reflects American English.Do you feel more comfortable with a wide range of North American vocabulary and idiomatic expressions or British English vocabulary and idiomatic expressions? Same answer as above! IELTS for British English TOEFL for American English.Can you type relatively fast? As you will read below in the section on key differen ces between the IELTS or TOEFL, the TOEFL requires that you type your essays in the written section of the test. If you type very slowly, we would strongly recommend taking the IELTS as you handwrite your essay responses. Do you want to finish the test as quickly as possible? If you become extremely nervous during a test and want the experience to end as quickly as posable, the choice between IELTS or TOEFL is easier. The TOEFL lasts approximately four hours, whereas the IELTS is significantly shorter - about 2 hours 45 minutes. Remember, however, that shorter does not necessarily mean easier!Do you feel comfortable with a wide range of question types? The TOEFL exam is made up of almost entirely multiple choice questions. The IELTS, on the other hand, has a much wider range of question types including multiple choice, gap fill, matching exercises, etc. If you do NOT feel comfortable with multiple choice questions, the TOEFL is not the test for you.Are you proficient at taking notes? Note taking is important on both the IELTS and the TOEFL. However, it is much more critical on the TOEFL exam. As you will read below, the listening section, in particular, depends on note-taking skills in the TOEFL as yo u answer questions after you have listened to a longer selection. The IELTS asks you to answer questions as you listen to the exam. Major Differences Reading:TOEFL - You will have 3 to 5 reading selections of twenty minutes each. Reading materials are academic in nature. Questions are multiple choice.IELTS - 3 reading selections of twenty minutes each. Materials are, as in the case of the TOEFL, related to an academic setting. There are multiple type questions (gap fill, matching, etc.)Listening:TOEFL - The listening selection very different from the IELTS. In the TOEFL, you will have 40 to 60 minutes worth of listening selections from lectures or campus conversations. Take notes and respond to multiple choice questions.IELTS - The largest difference between the two exams is in listening. In the IELTS exam, there are a wider variety of question types, as well as exercises of differing lengths. You will answer questions as you move through the listening selection of the test.Writing:TOEFL - Two written tasks are required on the TOEFL and all writing is done on the computer. Task one involves writing a five-paragraph essay of 300 to 350 words. Note taking is important as the second task asks you to take notes from a reading selection in a textbook and then a lecture on the same topic. You are then asked to respond using notes by writing a 150- to 225-word selection integrating both the reading and listening selection.IELTS - The IELTS also has two tasks: the first a short essay of 200 to 250 words. The second IELTS writing task asks you to look at an infographic such as a graph or chart and summarize the information presented. Speaking:TOEFL - Once again the speaking section differs greatly between the TOEFL and the IELTS exams. On the TOEFL you are asked to record responses on the computer of 45 to 60 seconds to six different questions based on short descriptions/conversations. The speaking section of the test lasts 20 minutes.IELTS - The IELTS speaking section lasts from 12 to 14 minutes and takes place with an examiner, rather than a computer as on the TOEFL. There is a short warm-up exercise consisting mainly of small talk, followed by a response to some sort of visual stimulus and, finally, a more extended discussion on a related topic.

Is Taiwan a Country Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Is Taiwan a Country - Research Paper Example Taiwan Island is separated from mainland China by the Taiwan Strait and borders the South China Sea and the Philippine Sea to the south, the East China Sea in the north, and the Pacific Ocean in the west (Wikipedia, 2006a). The perennial debate over â€Å"independence† versus â€Å"unification† in Taiwan is a case in point. This paper discusses some facts with respect to the question of whether Taiwan is an independent country or not. Though Taiwan has a distinct boundary of its own, the United States and most other significant nations recognize one China and thus include the boundaries of Taiwan as being part of the boundaries of China (Rosenberg, 2006b) Taiwan is home to almost 23 million people, making it the 48th largest "county" in the world, with a population slightly smaller than North Korea but larger than Romania (Rosenberg, 2006b). Over the past few decades, the average age of Taiwan’s population has increased by 1.8 percent. The population is one of the criteria for an independent country and since people live in Taiwan on an ongoing basis satisfies this criterion. Education is compulsory and Taiwan has more than 150 institutions of higher learning. Taiwan is home to the Palace Museum, which houses over 650,000 pieces of Chinese bronze, jade, calligraphy, painting, and porcelain. In the past few decades, Taiwan is recognized as a growing economy. It has become one of the newly industrialized countries (NICs). In 1983 the GNP of the country approached US$50 billion and its per capita income reached US$2,444. Taiwan is one of the top 15 trading nations. Taiwan has gained in terms of its economy but has substantially waned in terms of its international status (Weng, 1984). Besides, Taiwan is an economic powerhouse - its one of the four economic tigers of Southeast Asia (They have included South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong.). Its GDP per capita is among the top 30 of the world.     

Performance and Risks Management Study of Cobham plc 2312 Essay

Performance and Risks Management Study of Cobham plc 2312 - Essay Example Each of the four division offer range of products and service to the three different categories of end markets. Cobham’s US Defence/ security market, non-US Defence/ security Markets and commercial markets with 47%, 28% and 35% of the total market share as depicted from the image below (Cobham Plc. 2014): The consistent growth is acquired with its strategy of continuous improvement, transformation of business through Excellence in Delivery (EiD); and maintaining focus on the core market of second and third tiers of the defense, security market, commercial aerospace, land and marine market etc; and finally and divesting non-core businesses (Cobham Plc, 2015d; Cobham Plc, 2012). Global market share is presented below: The industry of the Cobham is highly complex in its characteristics. At one end, it is highly fragmented, facing high level of consolidation, strategic interdependency (ECORYS, 2009) and impact of loaming budgets (ATKearney, 2013). While on the other hand, the company defines opportunities and its respective position in the industry as follows: According to the annual report 2013, the company offers technologies that are technically diverse and are innovated to facilitate the diverse needs of the customers (Cobham Plc, 2012). Five years’ revenue trends is as follows: As graph above shows that the company has increased its sales except the CDS due to the slippage in the defense and security programs in USA (Cobham Plc, 2010). However, increasing margins from transformation under EiD program, acquisitions, and redefining scope and renaming of Aerospace and Security as Communications and Connectivity; from CAS; offset impact (Cobham Plc, 2013). Also anticipated decline in the defense sector by 2.5% while appreciation in the demand from the commercial sector by 25% in future years (Deloitte, 2015); has played its role. Cobham’s ranks

Pest analysis of auto industry Essay Example for Free

Pest analysis of auto industry Essay Type of Educational Organization: School Training Centre College Others 2. Number of successful years your organization has completed: Below 5 5-10 10-15 15Above 3. You use the internet for: Regularly on a daily basis Twice a week May be once in a week Not at all 4. Main purpose of using the internet/online presence? Please select all that apply. Work-related Study-related Email News Banking Entertainment If other, please explain 5. The technologies implemented in your Educational Organization? Bio-metric Attendance Solution CCTV Security Office Accounting System Library Management System Please mention if any ______________________________________________ 6. The source you will use to collect the study materials for your students: Please select all that apply Text Books eBooks Journals Previous year’s documents If any website, please Specific Website (Except Google): Time you spend on your office computer: Less than 30 minutes 30-60minutes 1-2 hours More than 2 hours If you are not using internet, what is the main reason for it? We don’t have time It is not interesting We do not want any publicity We don’t want to share it Device you and your students use to access the internet: Please select all that apply. Mobile phone Tablet computer such as iPad, Samsung Galaxy Tab, etc. Laptop computer Desktop computer The aspect of EDU-ERP appeals to you the most in your campus: Please select all that apply. Connecting with Parents of your students Connecting with Resource people Connecting with Teaching Non-teaching Staff Connecting with Students Have you ever subscribed to one or more Education Blogs/Websites? Yes No If yes, please specify the blogs/websites names: Information requirements of an organization can be determined by Consulting Principal/Administrator directly Through telephone calls Through e-Brochure and Mailing Others Changing an operational information system into EDU-ERP system is: Impossible Expensive and done selectively Never required Usually done On a scale of 1-10 (10 being the greatest impact) how would you rank the impact of implementing EDU-ERP in your Educational Organization ? 1 2345  6 78910 For what reason, Management team in their own organization will not design EDU-ERP? Systems have to interact with other systems They do not have the special skills necessary to design systems It is not their job   They are always very busy

The Police Force Essay -- American History, Police Training

Throughout history the police force has severely changed, with the first forms of policing appearing in the Anglo-Saxon period in England; where the king would provide protection to the civilians for a tax (Mawby, 1999). Centuries later and the principles of protecting the people are generally the same. However, in recent times crimes and perpetrators are becoming more sophisticated; the need for higher abilities to control and manage these complicated situations is becoming more prevalent. It can be seen that the entry requirements into the police force are also dramatically increasing over the decades. This paper aims to critically assess the effectiveness of higher education requirements by outlining the advantages and disadvantages and how it can be improved further. To gain a further understanding a brief history of the constant debate will be analysed. At the beginning of the twentieth century, in Berkeley, California, Police Chief August Vollmer expressed his encouragement for police to acquire a formal university education (Carte, 1973). Unfortunately it wasn’t until the late 1960s that significant debate arose from police leaders about the effectiveness and benefits of formal qualifications, and how it plays a role in police professionalism (Roberg and Bonn 2004). The first major debate in Australia occurred in 1990; when the National Police Professionalism Implementation Advisory Committee (NPPIAC) recommended that to achieve national professionalism in police services, a university qualification should be included in the education requirements (Trofymowych, 2008). Although the topic has been debated for almost a century only minimal requirements have been applied. In Queensland the current education requirements f... ...e early 1990s; it is recommended this should be the requirement instead of the current 18 months of tertiary education. The belief that the current 18 months is sufficient enough is very lacking. The main point which has been seen is to increase the ‘professionalism’ of an individual, however it is hard to believe that a person will be professional if they only achieve half a university degree then quit. A nationwide requirement needs to be set out as a minimum for the security of Australia; it is believed that the advancement of skills, methods and training can only be achieved through higher levels of education. It is unclear if police will ever attain ‘professional’ status; however it is believed that with the correct structure and implementation, higher education will play the deciding factor. Although it is also believed that there is still a long way to go.

The Sow

In Sylvia Plath’s poem the Sow, the fascinated narrator describes his encounter with his neighbors pig for the first time. Sylvia Plath uses diction and allusions to describe the sow from the narrator’s perspective. The poem also features an attitude shift towards the pig from this mysterious prize to this disappointing pig. The poem starts off with an aura of mystery. She describes the neighbor’s behavior using words and phrases like â€Å"shrewd secret† and â€Å"impounded from public stare. You can tell that the neighbor is trying to hide his ribbon winning pig from the public and that he is very proud of his pig. The narrator is very curious as to what this ribbon winning pig looks like. He is so curious to the point that he is commended to find his way through the â€Å"lantern-lit maze of barns† to see this pig. When he sees the pig for the first time the mood of the poem shifts. When he sees the pig for the first time he, it’s not wha t he had expected.He says â€Å"this was no rose-and-larkspurred china† which implies the imperfections he finds with the pig. As he begins to describe the pig, his tone changes from wonder to pity for the pig. He describes the pig as a â€Å"Brobdingnag bulk† to describe how big this pig is by comparing it to the giants that live in Jonathan Swifts book Gulliver’s Travels. He sees this pig as this fat pig that can barely move, and is slowly rotting away, â€Å"on that black compost, fat-rutted eyes dream filled†.He also compares the pig to an â€Å"our marvel blazoned a knight, helmed, in cuirass, unhorsed and shredded in the grove of combat by a grisly-bristled boar†. He sees the fat of the pig as armor and its scars as to those of battle wounds. Sylvia Plath was able to show the different thoughts the narrator has of his neighbors pig. She is able to show us how the narrator thinks that this pig is this magnificent creature even though itâ€℠¢s not. Through diction, comparisons, and allusions Sylvia Plath is able to show us what the narrator is seeing and feeling though out the poem.

Socrates s Relationship Between Knowledge And True Opinion

Plato s dialogue Meno touches on many important questions of virtue and the ability to teach someone to be good. Arguably one of the most interesting of these questions concerns the nature of learning itself, as Socrates and Meno discuss the relationship between knowledge and true opinion. Socrates concludes by not only defining knowledge and true opinion as separate entities, but also by placing knowledge as the higher of the two in value. He makes this value judgment by pointing to knowledge s status as opinion that is substantiated with reasoning and truths, arguing this makes knowledge concrete and unwavering. However, due to the notion of change as the central tenant in the search of scientific knowledge, I am inclined to disagree with this static description. Towards the end of Meno, Socrates states that knowledge differs from true opinion in its ability to last over long periods of time. Socrates acknowledges that in many ways, knowledge and true opinion are equal; since both are certainly true, they lead to correct action without distinction. For example, in the passage Socrates compares a man who knows the way to Larisa to one who has a right opinion about the directions but has never actually been there, concluding that both would be equally competent guides. However, knowledge is, he argues, â€Å"fastened by the tie of the cause,† meaning one who has knowledge of a certain statement has grounded that truth in explanations and reasoning. Earlier in Meno, SocratesShow MoreRelatedPlato s Meno As A Socratic Discussion On Human Sexuality And Age1686 Words   |  7 PagesPlato s Meno is a Socratic discussion on the definition of human virtues where the main participants are Socrates and Meno. Other speakers in the dialogue include an Athenian politician, one of Meno s slaves, and Socrates’ prosecutor Anytus, who is a friend to Meno. Meno wants to understand the broad definition of human virtues and while visiting Athens he initiates the dialogue on virtues with Socrates. The discussion begins with Meno inquiring from Socrates whether virtues can be learned. MenoRead MorePlato s The Meno, A Greek Philosopher And The Wisest Of All People1216 Words   |  5 PagesPaper 11/4/14 Topic 1 In Plato’s The Meno, Socrates, who was a Greek philosopher and considered one of the wisest of all people expresses his views on the relationship between knowledge and virtue. In todays era, virtue is defined as having good morals as a human being. Knowledge is defined as factual information and skills that are acquired by a person through experience or education. Together Socrates makes a statement and or beliefs, that virtue is knowledge because if you know what is right, youRead MoreSelf Reliance Is Beneficial Or Beneficial1222 Words   |  5 Pagesthe notion of relying on oneself for ideas and knowledge. Some people argue that self-reliance is harmful. From this perspective, self-reliance generates bad thoughts and ideas, and people should conform to society instead. However, others argue that self-reliance is extremely important for society. Ralph Waldo Emerson, a main proponent of this view, says that â€Å"To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men - that is genius† (1). AccordingRead MoreSocrates View On Death And The Soul1533 Words   |  7 Pagesthe idea of death. Socrates on the other hand was never once frightened about the idea of death. Throughout the Apology, one is able to clearly analyze Socrates’ view on death and the soul. The Apology is the actual speech delivered by Socrates during his death trial. In the jury system, an apology is composed of three parts: a speech, a counter-assessment, and some last final words. Socrates argument is that death should be a joyous time, especially for philosophers. Socrates claimed when we dieRead MoreThe Statement For The Politics Of Plato s Kallipolis2360 Words   |  10 Pages First Term Essay Assignment: The absence of reason is where persuasion is most powerful Question: The analogy Socrates and his companions make between the just city and the just person falls apart on close inspection. The commoners and auxiliaries are persuaded by the myth of the metals that the guardians are best suited to rule, but it s nonsensical to believe that spirit and appetite can be persuaded of anything. After all, they are merely constituent parts of the soul (the parts lacking aRead MorePolitical Philosophy, By Steven Cahn1197 Words   |  5 PagesIn Steven Cahn s book, Political Philosophy, The Essential Texts, philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau created the circumstances to enable the fundamental principals of philosophy and politics. These knowledgeable, astute and significant men have helped to achieve the structure of our past and present democracy as well as a plan of action for the rights and values that we as citizens can all relate to today. They are grounded in their thinking and tied togetherRead MorePla to And Aristotle s View On Knowledge Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesconflict emanating throughout all mankind questions the significance of knowledge to human nature, regarding knowledge’s definition, acquisition, branches, and value. Major role models in the foundation of philosophy - specifically, in this essay, Plato and Aristotle - obsess over the significance of knowledge and its importance to and relationship with the development of human beings and their mindsets. Although Plato’s view on knowledge describes the internal predisposed essence of all Forms and the needRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Philosophy968 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent way of thinking and reasoning. In my studies I have learned that philosophy is the study of knowledge, reality, and human existence. Socrates once said, â€Å"The unexamined life is not worth living.† I agree with this statement, because I believe any intellectual person must question the world around them. Questi oning different aspects of life is a vital way to gain knowledge. During my search for knowledge, I began to develop my own personal philosophy. Our philosophies are largely based off of ourRead MoreSocrates On The Nature Of Death Before His Execution1884 Words   |  8 PagesIn Phaedo Socrates elaborates on the nature of death before his execution. In The Apology, Socrates was sentenced to death by poison by a jury of his peer for committing atheism and corrupting the Athenian youth (Mallik). The story is told from one of Socrates’ students, Phaedo. Engaging in a dialogue with his students, Socrates argues the various ways the immortal soul can continue in the afterlife. Phaedo relates this dialogue to many other students of Socrates as well as the general public. Read MoreComparing Aristotle and Plato Essays1325 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Aristotle and Plato Aristotle argues that in order for a polis to emerge, a union between man and women must convene. Later a household must be introduced which unites with other households to form a village, villages come together to form city-states. This theory is Aristotle’s natural view that an individual can not be self sufficient Plato argues that, in order to achieve absolute justice, a city-state is needed. In The Republic, Plato builds around the idea of Philosopher Rulers

Examples of Arrangement in Composition

In rhetoric and composition, arrangement refers to the parts of a speech or, more broadly, the structure of a text. Arrangement (also called disposition) is one of the five traditional canons or subdivisions of classical rhetorical training. Also known as  dispositio, taxis, and organization. In classical rhetoric, students were taught the parts of an oration. Though rhetoricians did not always agree on the number of parts, Cicero and Quintilian identified these six: the exordium, the narrative (or narration), the partition (or division), the confirmation, the refutation, and the peroration. Arrangement was known as taxis in Greek and dispositio in Latin. Examples and Observations Aristotle states that...the very nature of rhetoric requires at least four components: an exordium, or introduction (prooimion), an advanced thesis (prothesis), proofs (pisteis), and a conclusion (epilogos).(Richard Leo Enos, Traditional Arrangement. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, 2001)In A Rhetoric of Motives (1950), Kenneth Burke summarized the classical position on arrangement as rhetorical form in the large involving the following: a progression of steps that begins with an exordium designed to secure the goodwill of ones audience, next states ones position, then points up the nature of the dispute, then builds up ones own case at length, then refutes the claims of the adversary, and in a final peroration expands and reinforces all points in ones favor while seeking to discredit whatever had favored the adversary. Declining Interest in Arrangement In the place of the old rhetorics formulaic arrangement, the new rhetoric [of the 18th century] advised an arrangement that reflected the flow of thought itself. By the nineteenth century, the classical rhetorical tradition was pretty much adrift—although Richard Whately made an heroic effort to salvage it. As writing pedagogy abandoned prescribed techniques for invention, arrangement, and style (memory and delivery were already sinking as writing displaced oral literacy), teachers increasingly focused on grammar and surface features. How the student was supposed to create an essay was a mystery—as all writing came to be seen as the result of inspiration. Teaching the structure of the classical oration certainly made little sense because the form of a piece of writing should be determined by the reality the writer aimed to convey, not some static pre-ordained formula.(Steven Lynn, Rhetoric and Composition: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press, 2010) Arrangement in Modern Media Modern mass media...present special complications to the study of arrangement because the sequencing of information and arguments, the order in which certain appeals reach an audience, is very difficult to predict...Saturation and sheer quantity of exposure to a message given in single bursts may count for more than the interrelationships of parts of a single message achieved by its carefully crafted arrangement.(Jeanne Fahnestock, Modern Arrangement. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, 2001)

The Issue Of Genius And Madness - 3127 Words

The wethered issue of genius and madness has induced a long blank and a clinical hobby among researchers. Although amiableness has a different meaning than creativity when established in a social environment, it is difficult to imagine a non-creative genius (Fink et al 1-10). creativity of two oddities and the result is the key to pleasantness (Cropley 2-14). The thought of a relationship amid creativity and prosperity of mentally diseased has mostly been maintained with rare stories of incredible art use when involved people fought against the discouragement or liquor ill-use. Previous studies that focused primarily on schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have given some experimental evidence of the relationship between creativity and psychopathology. We recently found that, patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and their non-analyzed relatives overrepresented in innovative professions (ie, logic professions and fiction) in contrast to occupations of control (Kyaga et al 373-79). This link was not found in people with unipolar grief. Although despite the fact that some studies tend to differentiate the psychopathology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in relation to creativity, there is some support for a connection. It have been researched that 294 technicians and scientists who were born in German nations between 1650 and 1900 (Baer 16-29) discovered a reasonable increase of smaller psychiatric exacerbations among specialists, although bipolar disorder hadShow MoreRelatedA Brilliant Madness about John Forbes Nash Essay1458 Words   |  6 Pagesillness or madness can be an escape also† (qtd. in â€Å"John Forbes Nash†). To many â€Å"normal† people, the terms â€Å"insanity† or â€Å"madness† portray a negative connotation-- the unfortunate ones â€Å"suffer† from mental illness. However, brilliant mathematician and Nobel laureate John Forbes Nash, who has paranoid schizophrenia, cherishes his unique condition as a means of retreat from the brutalities of reality (â€Å"John Forbes Nash†). Since ancient times, people have observed the link between madness and creativeRead MoreInsanity Essay921 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å" The distance between ins anity and genius is measured only by success, â€Å" as Bruce Feirstein would say. The insane are merely the ones who are not given their chance to change the world. They are, instead, locked away before society begins to take grip on the ravings of the mad man. Genius, on the other hand, is what is created when the insane are given their time to speak out. When Renfield began to address himself to the question he was confronted with, he did so with the utmost impartiality ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Allen Ginsberg s Howl1745 Words   |  7 PagesThe importance of the symbolism of madness in Allen Ginsberg’s Howl. The theme of madness is vital in Allen Ginsberg’s Howl, as a poem written by a young voice with the purpose to intentionally shock audiences. It presents views of insanity and madness as both tragically victimizing the talented young minds of America, causing the straight-cut society to oppress and restrain their creativity in psychiatric hospitals; but also as a sort of liberation, allowing the artist to connect to their creativityRead MoreThe Correlation between Creativity and Madness1594 Words   |  7 Pagesthesis statement There lies a link between creativity and madness and the association stems from the need of an unconventional thought process to spark creativity and biological factors surrounding the brains of both creative individuals, and mentally ill patients. Could it be Madness? A correlation between a more creative individual and a mentally ill patient exists, and it is highly likeable that the former could be the latter. The issue of whether great mental abilities, whether it’s creativityRead MoreCorrelations between Creativity and Mental Illness Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pagesdemonstrated correlations between creativity and mental illness, including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Even though the association between bipolar disorder and creativity first appeared in literature in the 1970s, the idea of a link between madness and genius is actually much older. It goes back at least to the time of Aristotle and the Ancient Greeks, when it was believed that creativity came from the gods, and in particular the Muses, the mythical personifications of the arts and sciences. MoreRead MoreEssay about Bipolar Disorder: Illness and Treatment693 Words   |  3 Pagesinterpret the world in a unique and original manner, in other words they can see what o thers can’t. The link between creativity and bipolar disorder are mentioned for the first time in literature in the 1970’s, but the belief of the link between â€Å"madness† and â€Å"genius† is much older and date back to the times of Aristotle. The Greeks believed that creativity came from the Muses. They believed that a work of art was done without conscious thoughts or effort. The Stanford University School of MedicineRead MoreThe Theme Of Obsession In The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1053 Words   |  5 PagesObsession is the wellspring of genius and madness-Michel De Montaigne. In this case one can comprehend that what a character does with their fixation determines the outcome in which they will get, positive or negative. The Yellow Wallpaper is told in the perspective of a lady narrator, who is mentally unstable. Over the summer months John and his wife, the narrator, go to a rental house in hopes that she can recover from her chronic illness. The house in which she is taken is dilapidated andRead MoreSchizophrenia And The Middle Of Creativity And Psychopathology2032 Words   |  9 PagesThe out-of-date issue of genius and madness has incited long standing open and clinical hobby among researchers. In spite of the fact that amiableness has different parts than creativity (e.g., insight) and is established in a social setting , it is hard to envision an uncreative genius. Creativity comprising of both oddities and effect is subsequently key for agreeableness (Cropley, 2010). The thought of a relationship in the middle of creativity and mental sick well-being has mostly been maintainedRead Morethe theme of madness in mrs dalloway1443 Words   |  6 PagesMadness in Mrs Dalloway Madness is a prevalent theme in ‘Mrs Dallway’ and is expressed primarily, and perhaps most obviously through the characters Septimus Warren Smith and Clarissa Dalloway – however the theme is also explored more subtly in more minor characters such as Lucrezia and Mrs Kilman. Virgina Woolf’s own issues inspired her greatly, as she herself suffered her first mental breakdown at the tender age of thirteen and was prescribed ‘rest cure’ – just as Septimus is; Woolf is often describedRead More Kay Redfield Jamisons Touched With Fire: Manic Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temeprament994 Words   |  4 Pagesconnection between mental disorders and artistic creativity. 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Scatter Diagram Indicate About the Relationship Between the Two Varia

Question - (a) Provide a descriptive analysis of the two varaiables(e.g.,mean,standard deviation, minimum and maximum).(b). Develop a scatter diagram with retention rate as the independentvariable. What does the scatter diagram indicate about the relationship between the two variables?(c). Develop and estimate a regression equation that can be used to predict the graduation rate(%) given the retention rate(%). (d). State the estimated regressio equation and interpret the meaning of the slope coefficient.(e). Is there a statistically significant association between graduation rate (%) and retention rate (%). What is your conclusion?(f). Did the regression equation provide a good fit? Explain.(g). Suppose you were the president of South University. After reviewing the results, would you have any concerns about the performance of tour unicersity compared to other online universities?(h) Suppose you were the president of the University of Phoenix. After reviewing the reults, would you have any converns about the performance of your university compared to other online universities? Answer- Purpose Online schools or colleges are made to offer preparing to the understudies who can't be show physically in the standard setting, for instance, classroom. It has a state of a generous scale canny investment and open get to through or through web and other framework developments. Shortly a day this system of learning or guideline is extending. The wide use of machines and web has made the approach of learning or guideline through online school faster and less requesting. These are advancing a full instructive program as same as an average school, yet starting late there is disaffirm between online school and the customary school. The internet preparing database is an independent affiliation whose mission is to develop a complete summary guarantees online colleges (Drennan, 2002). The inspiration driving Maintenance rate is to screen or see in attracting and holding understudies for the universities. Support rate is found out by net pay of the school less benefits confined by Net Pay or Income. Advancement Rate is the rate of augmentation of the amount of understudies of the universities. Shortly I am going to research between the upkeep rate and advancement rate of the online colleges in USA. Background Recently understudies are picking online school as opposed to conventional school. So there is showing up a most noteworthy test in progressive training part has been late advancement of online universities. So we have to explore the improvement rate and upkeep rate of the online schools in USA. Technique or Method: For this investigation we are making mean, greatest, least and standard deviation of the retention rate and development rate of the online colleges or universities of USA. Furthermore we are additionally utilizing regression mathematical statement through graduation rate and retention rate (McCraw, 2012). After that we are ascertaining the relapse co proficient and measurably find the centrality between graduation rate and retention rate. Results: As indicated by the giving information set or exceed expectations gave, we effectively disks or figure the conclusions or yields. The results or the yields are measured by the assistance of some clear investigation like mean, standard deviation, least or minimum and maximum utilizing some product like Microsoft Office (MS- Excel). The giving information set of the compositions and also its retention rate and graduation rate are in rate is indicated in beneath by the assistance of table. College Retention Rate in percentage (%) Graduation Rate in percentage (%) Western International University 7 25 South University 51 25 University of Phoenix 4 28 American InterContinental University 29 32 Franklin University 33 33 Devry University 47 33 Tiffin University 63 34 Post University 45 36 Peirce College 60 36 Everest University 62 36 Upper Iowa University 67 36 Dickinson State University 65 37 Western Governors University 78 37 Kaplan University 75 38 Salem International University 54 39 Ashford University 45 41 ITT Technical Institute 38 44 Berkeley College 51 45 Grand Canyon University 69 46 Nova Southeastern University 60 47 Westwood College 37 48 Everglades University 63 50 Liberty University 73 51 LeTourneau University 78 52 Rasmussen College 48 53 Keiser University 95 55 Herzing College 68 56 National University 100 57 Florida National College 100 61 From the given data about the retention rate of online colleges or universities in USA we are going to make a disperse chart by accepting the maintenance rate and development rate as free variable. As indicated by the giving information set the maximum value, minimum value, standard deviation and mean are demonstrated in beneath by the assistance of the table. Minimum 4 25 Maximum 100 61 Mean 57.41379 41.75862 Standard Deviation 23.24023 9.865724 The above table is measured or tackling by the assistance of Microsoft Excel or MS- Excel and its valuable equation or formula. Where, mean estimation of the Retention Rate is equivalent to aggregate whole of the Retention Rate in rate (%) isolated by the aggregate no of online colleges like 57.414 and in addition mean estimation of the Graduation Rate is equivalent to aggregate entirety of the Graduation Rate in rate (%) separated by the aggregate no of online colleges like 41.759 Correspondingly, the standard deviation is measured by = (( (x-)^2)/(N-1)) or= (( (x-)^2)/(N-1)) Where, = the standard deviation x = each one estimation of the information set = the mean quality N = the quantity of qualities or size of the information set By the assistance of the above equation or formula we will effectively measured or ascertain the standard deviation of the retention rate is 23.2402 and in addition the standard deviation of graduation rate is 9.8657 Presently are making a disperse graph by taking under thought of development rate and retention rate of the colleges or universities of USA. From the disseminate outline or scatter diagram we can see that development rate and maintenance rate are entomb related. On the off chance that development rate will expand then maintenance rate will likewise build. The rate of both retention and development are upward climbing. The procedure of common minimum square is giving ensure that gauge the relapse line which is additionally the best fitting line, has been drawn from the given information (Kerrigan Snyder, 2013). Here in the above disperse outline the plot does not appear to lie near to the line. So we can say that the relapse line or the best fitting line will fit in extremely well. Presently we are making a rundown yield or outcomes of regression statistics by a presumption. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.621627987 R Square 0.386421354 Adjusted R Square 0.362822175 Standard Error 17.1688846 Observations 28 Presently we are making an expected regression mathematical expression statement and deciphering the coefficient slant or slope. To do this we have expect the qualities. In the followings we have assess relapse and remaining. Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept -0.427733114 15.09197951 -0.02834175 0.97760601 -31.44974098 30.59427475 -31.44974098 30.59427475 25 1.408074644 0.34797141 4.046523943 0.000414052 0.692809173 2.123340114 0.692809173 2.123340114 In the underneath table we are demonstrating the distinctive relapse and remaining of df, SS, MS, F and significance of F. we are additionally giving their aggregate. ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 4826.678724 4826.678724 16.37435602 0.000414052 Residual 26 7664.035561 294.7705985 Total 27 12490.71429 In the followings there is a diagram of coefficients, standard error, t-Stat, P-value, lower and upper rates in percentage. Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept -0.427733114 15.09197951 -0.02834175 0.97760601 -31.44974098 30.59427475 -31.44974098 30.59427475 25 1.408074644 0.34797141 4.046523943 0.000414052 0.692809173 2.123340114 0.692809173 2.123340114 In the accompanying we are demonstrating the perceptions, predication 7 and residual in the underneath table from 1-28 separate variables or factors. RESIDUAL OUTPUT Observation Predicted 7 Residuals 1 34.77413297 16.22586703 2 38.9983569 -34.9983569 3 44.63065548 -15.63065548 4 46.03873012 -13.03873012 5 46.03873012 0.961269879 6 47.44680476 15.55319524 7 50.26295405 -5.262954052 8 50.26295405 9.737045948 9 50.26295405 11.73704595 10 50.26295405 16.73704595 11 51.6710287 13.3289713 12 51.6710287 26.3289713 13 53.07910334 21.92089666 14 54.48717798 -0.487177983 15 57.30332727 -12.30332727 16 61.5275512 -23.5275512 17 62.93562584 -11.93562584 18 64.34370049 4.656299513 19 65.75177513 -5.751775131 20 67.15984977 -30.15984977 21 69.97599906 -6.975999061 22 71.3840737 1.615926295 23 72.79214835 5.207851652 24 74.20022299 -26.20022299 25 77.01637228 17.98362772 26 78.42444692 -10.42444692 27 79.83252157 20.16747843 28 85.46482014 14.53517986 Discussion: From the given information we have ascertained the regression mathematical statement. Interpretation or Translation of Coefficient as a change of rate of Y is set up of as a change in the restrictive mean of Y. There is no need of taking certainty interims for coefficients into records. When we assess or deciphered a regression coefficient effectively as a rate of progress of a restrictive mean which is as opposed to a change in given two variables. It is all that much essential to take into under thought the vulnerability in the estimation of the regression coefficient. According to this technique I have ascertained the relapse mathematical statement line. Which are y= 1.860x + 29.51 and y= 1.143x + 24.60. Then again I have taken a 95% certainty interim for the slant or slope. The rate of progress of the restrictive mean of Y concerning x is assessed to be somewhere around 1.860 and 1.143 is normally desirable over saying; the rate of progress of the contingent mean of Y regarding x is close around 2 or more. The understanding of the coefficient of which is not factually huge. This sort of translations is regularly made shockingly (Welfens and Walther-Klaus, 2007). On the off chance that the regression coefficient of t test is not measurably critical, this won't be the suitable to decipher or assess the coefficient. There is no factually huge direct which reliance of the mean of Y on x was recognized. In the interpretation or translation of coefficients in the numerous regressions with the same dialect or variable is fundamentally utilized as a part of single direct regression. As indicated by the giving information set or excel sheet the retention rate estimation of the South University is much higher than appreciation of the graduation rate esteem. The retention rate esteem in rate of the South University is 51% and the graduation rate estimation of the South University is just 25%. Consequently, the retention rate estimation of the South University is 26% more than the graduation rate esteem. This is demonstrated that the development of the college, which is additionally connected to the development of the university and also when the retention rate quality is expansion than the relapse rate estimation of the South University is likewise increment. We unmistakably said that the retention rate estimation of the South University is additionally specifically relative to the regression rate esteem. Henceforth the relapse comparison of the South University is great fit and also the development rate and the development of the South University is increment. Alo ng these lines, the quantities of the understudies are likewise increments and additionally the college is likewise offered some new stream or learning project for some new understudies (Levy, 2009). Subsequently it is obviously said that the retention rate esteem when increment than the plan of action is in benefit. As per the giving information set or excel sheet the maintenance rate estimation of the University of Phoenix is much lower than admiration of the graduation rate esteem. The retention rate esteem in rate of the University of Phoenix is just 04% and in addition the graduation rate estimation of the University of Phoenix is 28%. Accordingly, the graduation rate estimation of the University of Phoenix is 24% more than the retention rate esteem. The retention rate worth is demonstrated that the development of the college, which is likewise connected to the development of the university and also when the retention rate quality is expansion than the regression rate estimation of the University of Phoenix is additionally increment however in University of Phoenix the graduation rate quality is expansions and more than the retention rate esteem. Consequently the regression comparison of the University of Phoenix is bad fit and additionally the development rate and the development of the Uni versity of Phoenix is abatement. Hence, the quantities of the understudies are likewise diminishes and also the college is carried out not offered some new stream or learning system for some new understudies. Accordingly it is unmistakably said that the graduation rate esteem when increment than the plan of action is in misfortune. Recommendation or Suggestion: According to the above point by point investigation we will smoothly measure some unmistakable examination like mean, standard deviation, least and in addition most extreme qualities furthermore relapse estimations of some online universities, which are moreover discussed in above. The maintenance rate regard and the graduation rate estimation of the online schools are also given in rate (%). By the aid of the maintenance rate worth and graduation rate regard we will in like manner find or measures the backslide estimations of the online universities (Ryan and Others, 2010). The relapse estimations of the online schools are in like manner discusses in above. The relapse estimations of the online universities are moreover showed the improvement of the online schools like expansions of the understudies, growing the learning task and a couple of others, which is also identified with the net advantage of the universities or arrangement of activity. References Anderson, K., Cockburn, J. and Martin, W. (2009). Would freeing up world trade reduce poverty and inequality?. Adelaide: Centre for International Economic Studies. Canadian economy online. (2005). Choice Reviews Online, 42(12), pp.42Sup-0465-42Sup-0465. Canadian economy online. (2006). Choice Reviews Online, 43(12), pp.43Sup-0519-43Sup-0519. Drennan, M. (2002). The information economy and American cities. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Kerrigan Snyder, B. (2013). The unemployed college graduate's survival guide. Avon, Mass.: Adams Media. Levy, B. (2009). Town born. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. McCraw, T. (2012). The Founders and Finance. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Miller, N. (2010). Botanical aspects of environment and economy at Gordion, Turkey. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Quarter, J., Mook, L. and Ryan, S. (2010). Researching the social economy. Toronto [Ont.]: University of Toronto Press. The informal economy: underground economy, moonlighting, subcontracting, household economy, unorganized sector, barter, ghetto economy, second economy: a research guide. (1992). Choice Reviews Online, 29(07), pp.29-3647-29-3647. The new economy. (2003). Choice Reviews Online, 41(04), pp.41-2279-41-2279. Welfens, P. and Walther-Klaus, E. (2007). Digital excellence. Berlin: Springer.

Juvenile Delinquency Theories Essay Example

Juvenile Delinquency Theories Essay Through an understanding of causes of juvenile delinquency society may come to deal preventively with delinquency; certainly treatment of the offender needs to be based upon an understanding of the causal mechanisms that have produced him. In this paper well describe three theories of juvenile delinquency such as Social Learning Theory, General Strain Theory and Behavioral Theory and discuss appropriate preventive programs based upon these theories. In 1977 Albert Bandura, a Stanford University psychology professor, published Social Learning Theory, in which he postulated that human learning is a continuous reciprocal interaction of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental factors. Sometimes called observational learning, social learning theory focuses on behavior modeling, in which the child observes and then imitates the behavior of adults or other children around him or her (Wiesner, Capaldi, Patterson, 2003, p. 18). In his research on social learning theory, Bandura studied how violence portrayed in mass  media  can have a tremendously negative impact on the behavior of certain types of children watching violent  television shows. What he noted was that some children will observe and then imitate the behavior of the characters on the television screen. From these observations, we can conclude that juvenile delinquency is the result of imitation of aggressive actions. We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Delinquency Theories specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Delinquency Theories specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Delinquency Theories specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Bandura determined that certain types of children learn to perform violent and aggressive actions by observing and then modeling their behavior after what they have seen. He referred to this as direct learning through instantaneous matching of the observed behavior to the modeled behavior (Wiesner et al, 2003, p. 320). Therefore, social learning theory states that learning can occur through the simple process of observing and then imitating others activities. Merton (1957) formulated a social strain theory of criminal involvement (Broidy, 2001, p. 0). Merton proposed that a society instills in its citizenry aspirations for upward mobility and a desire for selected goals. However, when legitimate avenues to goal attainment are blocked, anomie or strain sets in, which in turn compels the individual to violate the law in order to attain these goals. Lower-class persons are viewed by Merton as more susceptible to the ravages of anomie because they are more regularly thwarted in their eff orts to participate in the economic rewards of the wider society (Broidy, 2001, p. 12). Merton assumed in his theorizing that humans are conforming organisms who only violate the law when the disjunction between goals and means becomes so great that the individual believes he or she can no longer pursue socially sanctioned goals via legitimate channels. Society and certain social variables are, according to strain theorists, responsible for the majority of crime being committed in the world today. According to Merton, a society that emphasizes goals over the means to obtain these goals, and that restricts access to opportunities for legitimate advancement, is establishing the conditions for anomie and future criminality. Strain theorists have long argued that once a person is removed from a situation of anomie or frustration, negative behavior will recede (Henry, Tolan, Gorman-Smith, 2001, p. 173). Agnews (1992) general strain theory offers a promising framework for understanding juvenile delinquency. A major type of strain, according to Agnews general strain theory, consists of experiencing unpleasant events or circumstances, including aversive situations at home, particularly arguments and violence (Broidy, 2001, p. 1). The theory proposes that adolescents are pressed into delinquency by negative emotional reactions that result from being situated in an aversive situation from which they cannot escape. This blockage frustrates the adolescent and may lead to desperate avoidance and/or anger-based delinquency (Broidy, 2001, p. 23). Behavioral theory was studied by J. Watson, I. Pavlov and B. F. Skinner. It describes the outcomes of the consequences of a certain behavior on occurrence of such behavior in the future. Operant conditioning  developed by Skinner is one of the learning methods according to which the likelihood of behavior is increased or decreased by the use of reinforcement or punishment. In case of positive reinforcement a certain behavior becomes stronger by the effect of experiencing some positive condition. In case of negative reinforcement a certain behavior becomes stronger by the outcome of stopping or staying away from some negative condition. In case of extinction a certain behavior is becomes weaker by the outcome of avoiding to experiencing some positive condition or stopping some negative condition. Negative and positive reinforcements and extinction strengthen certain kinds of behavior of individuals. Punishment is a big form of  operant conditioning  used all over the world. When people are punished, it is to decrease that certain behavior produced by the individual. Therefore, behavioral theory refers to conditioning which leads to different behavioral pattern of juvenile offenders. Preventive programs based on the social learning theory require placing an individual in favorable environment where he/she would be less tempted to imitate violent behavior. One of the examples of such environment is the social services of the church. The actual role of contemporary religion in delinquency prevention is not easy to evaluate. Its potential role is tremendous, but the fulfillment of that potential depends on the vitality of a religion in the lives of its professants. The formulation through religion of a standardized morality that is in conformity with the law (not all religious beliefs and practices in the United States are legal, of course, but the exceptions are in small minority faiths for the most part) establishes a system of social control norms that overlap substantive legal norms (Wiesner et al, 2003, p. 20). The social services of the church can do muchand some of them do-in providing more experimental, intensive, and therapeutic assistance to delinquents than public resources customarily are equipped to perform. Also, community behavior can influence behavior modeling of juvenile delinquents. Community organization and planning represent tremendously significant possibilities for the development of delinq uency-deterring measures. According to the General Strain Theory, the major causes of juvenile delinquency are aversive atmosphere at home and school. The emotional atmosphere, the hostilities, and the inadequacies expressed in the parent-child relationships do greater injury to the child than do physical hurts. From a preventive point of view, then, it seems clear that the greatest hope for discouraging delinquency must lie in efforts to improve the quality and harmony of the family system. Preventive programs based on the General Strain Theory refer to effective family social work: a field designed to strengthen family life through assisting individuals and family units and, so far as possible, to improve the community circumstances essential to wholesome family living. Private agencies, and governmental services (chiefly departments of public welfare) contribute to this work; many of them today, especially in moderate-sized cities, merge child-welfare services with their family case work for more completely integrated assistance (Asetline, Gore, Gordon, 2001, p. 257). Family counseling, which is carried on in large part by the old established social agencies but which is also coming to be practiced increasingly by individual practitioners and clinics, offers much promise and some dangers. In an area where the  divorce rates  alone are a sufficient indication of the widespread need for help, trained and specialized skills focused specifically on the medical, emotional, and broader psychological requirements of the family can help to resolve difficulties before they become too serious (Asetline, Gore, Gordon, 2001, p. 258). Provisions should be available in the community for the individual who feels the need for advice about his family relationships. Such facilities should be competent of course. Traditionally much of this advisory function, when performed at all (of course, many persons needing help have refrained from seeking it either out of pride or a lack of available and known resources), has been done informally by family physicians, attorneys, or friends. It hardly need be said that none of these roles, taken by itself, gives any assurance of qualification to deal with the often subtle, profound, and technical problems involved in family pathology. Today, though specialized skills for this work are being developed and counseling bureaus are being established. One of the commonest characteristics observed among delinquent children is the dislike of school and teachers. It would seem that any real solution to this problem lies not in penalty classes or special schools with long hours-or even incarceration but in such preventive measures as vigorously attempting to adapt the educational process to the needs and interests of children. The docile rote learner-so dear to the heart of the educator-and the non-aggressive but apathetic conformist, as well as the resistant problem child, could all profit by a vitalized education. If classroom organization, program of study, and teaching methods are planned to meet the interests and needs of children and adolescents at their level of development, with rich and varied opportunities for the expression of diverse abilities and sufficient elasticity to allow the individual some freedom in adaptation, there would be far less aversion and passive indifference to school (Houchins, Guin, Schroeder, 2001, p. 110). Again it should be noted that flexible programs and good teaching are largely a matter of adequate budgets and careful selection. Ideally every school system should have attached to it or continuously available to it the facilities of a psychiatric clinic or study home to which cases of juvenile delinquency might be referred for observation and assistance. If teachers can be trained sufficiently and selected as personalities sensitive to the needs of childhood, they should be able to refer a large proportion of unadjusted children for clinical assistance early and thus prevent the development of serious conduct problems and delinquency (Houchins et al, 2001, p. 08). For most instances of children with psychological or conduct problems, the school must continue to provide formal education to meet their particular needs as well as possible. Thus arises a perennial problem in pedagogical and administrative technique: Should problem children be segregated in separate classes and separate schools where groups of unadjusted and delinquent boys are massed together, or should they be brought as much as possible into co ntact with normal children in the regular schools? According to General Strain Theory, in cases where the problems of personality are serious enough and classroom environment becomes the source of frustration for children, children should be treated for their special requirements in groups established according to their needs. If these individuals are to be taught separately they need programs and teachers that are adapted to their peculiar needs. According to the Behavioral Theory, juvenile delinquency preventive programs should be based on positive and negative reinforcements. Some of the examples of preventive programs with the use of negative reinforcements are confinement, boot camps and waiver. Although not as restrictive as confinement in a secure facility, boot camps are known for their rigid militaristic style. Juvenile participants are commonly organized into platoons and required to wear uniforms and to participate in daily regimens of drill exercises and physical training. Daily routines may extend from 5:30 or 6:00 A. M. to lights out at 9:00 or 10:00 P. M (Fagan, Zimring, 2001, p. 88). This program is focused upon changing attitudes and behavior through discipline. Another popular program of achieving delinquency prevention or reduction has been waiver of juvenile offenders to adult court. By waiving juveniles to adult court, there is an increased chance that they will come into contact with adult felony offenders and, consequently, after this contact the juvenile should learn to be better. Unlike boot camps and waiver, mentor programs involve mostly positive reinforcements in changing juvenile behavior. Most programs involve volunteer staff who see themselves as giving something to or sharing something with the youths who are being mentored (Colvin, Cullen, Vander Ven, 2002, p. 20) Mentor programs are less costly than other approaches to delinquency prevention because often the mentors are volunteers who may or may not receive reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses related to mentoring activities. As a juvenile justice strategy, mentoring is an opportunity to provide support where it is missing and to supplement it when it is weak. In conclusion, the contributing factors that make a child delinquent are numerous and varied; they are often complexly interwoven in a single case. One single theory cannot explain the complex of conditions and circumstances producing delinquency. Similarly, application of one single preventive program will not significantly reduce juvenile delinquency. Therefore, juvenile delinquency preventive programs should be based upon several theoretical approaches and developed for every particular case of juvenile delinquency.